Sports injury

Sports injuries are not unusual, but avoiding them, especially the most common sports injuries, means more time to compete. Read these articles for tips on sports injury prevention and core stability exercises that can help reduce the risk of knee injuries, shoulder injuries, ankle injuries, rotator cuff injuries and other recurring plagues in the sporting world… To browse our library of free sports training articles, browse using the categories on the left or use the search box.

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Articles

We'll pay you to ask questions

Got a question about sport? We'll pay you to ask it, and pay more to answer others' questions!

Ankle injuries are more common than hamstring tears in footballers

Ankle injuries can be tackled by proprioception training

Head injuries in Football

No long-term risk from concussion in football

Head Injuries in Skating

Injuries in synchronised skating

Prevent Ankle Injuries

A simple way to predict ankle risk

Health and Fitness: Heart Disease

How much exercise protects against heart disease?

Prescribed drug can cause damage after eccentric exercise

Antidepressants may cause muscle damage…

Hamstring injuries: A Study

Hamstring injury solution?

Heat Stroke in the cold?

Cool weather heat stroke risk

Injury Treatment: How to deal with concussion

Knockout blow – what should athletes do when concussion strikes?

Preventing Osteoarthritis

Does sport set us up for arthritis in later life? And can anything be done?

Back pain caused by bad posture

Slouching isn’t just an attitude – it will damage your sport and your health

Football Player Injuries - Are they becoming more frequent?

Football injuries - are they really on the rise?

Caffeine reduces muscle soreness

Caffeine and leg muscle pain

Sports Injury: Distance Running

Bleeding risk for ultra runners

Reduce Muscle Fatigue with Probiotic Supplements

Probiotics combat fatigue problems in athletes

The Risks of Overtraining

Intense training - can you have too much of a good thing?

Children, Exercise, and Injury

How sport leads to concussion in children

Anterior Cruciate Ligament Facts

New findings on ACL injuries in soccer

Joint Manipulation: Is it safe?

Joint manipulation for injuries - is it worth the risk?

Sports Nutrition: Antioxidants

Antioxidant protection for athletes: is it time to ditch the pills?

Cycling Injury: Choose The Right Bike To Avoid Injury

How Choosing The Right Bike Can Help Avoid Injury

Managing Pain in Athletes

What are the best ways to cope with sports pain? And how do different people react to the same injury?

Caring For Your Spine

Core strengthening to keep your spine in good shape

Supplements: Glucosamine

Does glucosamine really work?

Sports News: Injury Treatment Evidence?

Injury research and clinical practice

Sports News: Aquatic Plyometrics

The Benefits of Aquatic Plyometrics

Injury Recovery and Conditioning

Want to know the key to training success? Plenty of R&R

Stretching, Performance and Injury Prevention

Pre-exercise stretching - is it time to tear up the old rule book?

Running Injury Prevention

Injury Prevention and Stretching Advice for Runners

snowboarding | skiing

Snowboarding & skiing

sports injury pain

Sports Injury Pain : Pain and brain - a revolutionary approach to chronic injury

deep water running

Deep Water Running : Getting into deep water - why it can be good for fitness

bronchoconstriction

Bronchoconstriction: Airway problems in ski-mountaineers...

stress & overtraining

Stress & Overtraining : Strategies to ward off overtraining by dealing with stress from all sources

biopsychosocial pain

Biopsychosocial Pain : Pain and brain - the biopsychosocial method of chronic injury rehabilitation

Homeopathy in sport

Homeopathy In Sport : Can less really be more when it comes to treating sports injuries?

pain relief medication

Pain Relief Medication: What all athletes need to know about pain relief medication

hamstring strains

Hamstring strains

acetabular labrum tears

Acetabular labrum tears - a right pain in the groin

knee injuries women

Women's knee injuries

hydrotherapy

Hydrotherapy: Don't pour cold water over hydrotherapy

cold injuries

Cold injuries: How to protect your performance as well as your health against the chill winds of winter

rotator cuff rehabilitation

Rotator cuff rehabilitation: how to shake off shoulder injury

orthotic therapy

Orthotic therapy: when self-help and sports therapies don't go nearly far enough

nsaids

NSAIDS: Contraction-induced muscle injury - why NSAIDS don't help

orthotics

Orthotics

air pollution sports

Air Pollution Sports: the real problem facing the organisers of this year's Olympics

hamstring strains

Hamstring strains: the most common injuries in football

asthma risk | athletes

Asthma - Lower asthma risk for amateur athletes

sudden cardiac death

Sudden cardiac death: how can clubs pick out those at risk ?

football injury prevention

Football injury prevention

exercise related death

Exercise related death - Disturbing findings on exercise-related death

inspiratory stridor

Inspiratory stridor - How do you deal with 'asthma' when the drugs don't work?

blood pressure | exercise

Good news about exercise and blood pressure

wrestlers weight

Rapid weight loss in young wrestlers

gymnasts menstruation

Delayed menstruation in rhythmic gymnasts

fatigue

Persistent fatigue and recurrent infections

london marathon

London marathon: Lies, damned lies and statistics: what we know about the incidence of injury, illness and death in the London Marathon

marathon injuries

Marathon injuries: Injury risks for marathon 'virgins'

extension-related low-back pain

Case report: an adolescent goalkeeper with extension-related low-back pain

Injury rehab programme

Injury Rehab Programme: An injured sportsman is like a sick gorilla - no use and a lot of trouble. The coach has to deal with the mind as well as the body in maintaining the athlete's equilibrium.

knee injuries | female athletes

Why do female athletes hurt their knees so often - and how can they protect themselves from knee injuries?

shin splints problems

Shin splints problems: How to strengthen the lower parts of your legs, and prevent (or repair) shin splints problems

Gluteal muscles

Gluteal Muscles: The glutes are key muscles for people with back problems

squatting exercises | knee injuries | spine injuries

Squatting exercises: How safe is squatting? Does it injure the knees or even the spine? Here's an exhaustive review of the research

Footballers head injuries | Brain Damage

Young Footballers Show No Signs of Brain Damage

thoraric pain | shoulder injuries

Case study: a swimmer with left-sided thoracic pain and shoulder pain.

Runners benefit from strong hamstrings

Runners benefit from strong hamstrings

Nose strips

Nose Strips: The supposed benefits are literally a widening of the nostrils, reducing resistance to air flow, thereby allowing easier breathing (the strips were originally developed to assist sleep and help people with breathing problems).

abdominal muscle exercises, lower back pain exercises and injury prevention

Whether you aim to run a marathon, perform step aerobics, scrummage for Harlequins, or cycle the London to Brighton, you shouldn't neglect a proper conditioning routine as part of your training if you want to achieve muscular balance and avoid injury.

Steroids

Steroids boost injury risk from strength training

Physiotherapy and sports injuries

Physiotherapy and sports injuries: Physiotherapy plays an integral part in the multi-disciplinary approach to the management of sports injuries. The aim of physiotherapy is to treat and fully rehabilitate the athlete post-injury, post-operatively, to prevent further injury and to return the athlete to sport in the shortest possible time.

rowing injuries | lower back injuries

Rowing Injuries & Lower Back Injuries: The case of the rower who drove himself to a bad back

Achilles heel pain

Achilles Heel Pain: These exercises can turn your Achilles heel into a rock of Gibraltar

Shin splints 2

Shin splints: These exercises will help to strengthen your lower legs, and prevent or repair shin splint problems

Injury avoidance 2

A trigger point in a muscle is a warning sign of a possible serious injury. Here we explain what TPs are, how they happen and what to do about them

Muscle soreness | Farabloc

Farabloc: How muscles can be shielded against delayed onset muscle soreness

Nutrition

Nutrition: What you eat can play a significant part in preventing or healing a sports injury.

Low-back pain

Low-back Pain: Inactivity is the problem

achilles tendonitis

Achilles Tendonitis: This affliction is the curse of the running classes. Here's how to prevent it, and how to recover if you've been unlucky

Problems for rugby players

Problems For Rugby Players: Previous injury predicts in-season problems for rugby players

Stretching, flexibility, hamstrings and injury

The truth about stretching and why the Kenyan athletes always do it after their workouts are over.

Dehydration: A Dangerous Consequence

Dehydration: A Dangerous Consequence

HDL cholesterol | exercise | heart disease prevention

Here's further proof that the more you run, the more you protect yourself against heart trouble.

Hyperbaric therapy

Hyperbaric Therapy: If you're an injured runner, should you breathe in pure oxygen to hasten the healing process? That's what some sports scientists are recommending, as the inhalation of oxygen under high pressure (also called hyperbaric oxygen therapy) becomes an increasingly popular form of treatment for hurting athletes.

Pronation

Pronation: Can taping control pronation?

Does foot structure affect injury rate?

There's been considerable confusion concerning the effects of foot structure on injury rates. Some researchers - and large numbers of people in the population at large - believe that individuals with low-arched feet have weak foot structures and are more predisposed to injuries in the lower extremities.

meniscal tears | MRI scans

Can MRI predict whether an athlete's knees can be repaired?

Ankle sprain | balance | gymnastics

Ankle sprain: Will a sprained ankle affect a gymnast's balance?

Knee Braces

Do knee braces slow you down, or make you less agile?

Lateral knee pain | iliotibial band syndrome (ITBS)

Lateral knee pain: here's the syndrome that could be to blame

knee injury

Knee injury: how can they protect against knee injuries?

Tennis Elbow | Lateral Epicondylitis

Tennis Elbow or Lateral Epicondylitis

Leg strength | knee injury risks

Leg strength and knee injury risks for endurance athletes: If you're a footballer, your knees are most at risk towards the end of a match.

hip inuries | football | osteoarthritis

Hip inuries in footballers - osteoarthritis of the hip

Achilles heel, tendons, achilles tendinitis therapy and surgery

Achilles tendinitis interrupts many training programmes and ruins many plans for PBs. It is also the most common injury in athletes over the age of 40, and - unfortunately - it's a problem which doesn't go away very quickly: Traditional treatments for Achilles tendinitis (ie, rest, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, orthotics, cortisone injections, icing, ultrasound, and conventional physical therapy) are not very successful, and about 25 per cent of athletes who suffer from chronic Achilles-tendinitis problems end up undergoing surgery.

Stress management

Stress Management: Just as war brings advances in surgery, so the fight against Aids has both broadened our awareness of the importance of the immune system and produced a vast increase in the amount of research done in this area. It is unfortunate, though not surprising, that far more research is done on the sick than on the healthy. What is it that distinguishes the "very healthy" from the normal?

Anaemia

Anaemia: Runner's persistent anaemia baffles doctors

Carbohydrate protection against muscle damage

Eating in a way that keeps your body primed for peak fitness can also reduce your risk of injury. Firstly, eating foods that will help to fend off fatigue will minimise injuries arising from tiredness and weakness. Secondly, some of the metabolic processes which can lead to muscle soreness and damage can be counteracted to a degree by dietary factors.

repetitive stress injuries | coaching children

If you coach children, you have to take particular care to avoid repetitive stress

Sports Injury prevention

Sports Injury Prevention: Eliminate these training errors and reduce your chances of getting hurt.

Muscle Imbalance

Muscle Imbalance: Why detecting muscle imbalance is an essential part of an injury-prevention strategy

Core stability training

Core Stability Training: This exercise programme will strengthen your trunk muscles and thus help avoid back problems

overtraining effects on performance

Overtraining Effects On Performance: If you want to prevent staleness and overtraining, keep a record of your quality of sleep and levels of fatigue!

shin splints | medial tibial stress syndrome | lower leg injuries

Shin splints is a common expression but what exactly does it mean? And how do you avoid it?

shin splints treatment

Shin Splints Treatment: How to strengthen the lower parts of your legs, and prevent (or repair) shin splints problems

Low back pain

Low Back Pain: Cyclists with low-back pain should now adjust their saddles

sports psychology | imagery | lower back pain

Sports psychology - imagery: how a young professional golfer used imagery to conquer his persistent lower back pain

squat

Squat research review

Achilles Tendinitis

Achilles Tendinitis

Groin Pain Causes and treatments

Groin Pain Causes and Treatments - Case study: a rugby-union player with groin pain

Therapeutic Massage | Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness | DOMS

Therapeutic Massage and Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness (DOMS)

Lower back pain causes

These coordination drills ease lower back pain as effectively as strengthening exercises

Pre-workout stretching

Pre-workout Stretching: Does stretching before a workout increase the risk of injury?

Steroids

Steroids boost injury risk from strength training

Sports injury avoidance

Sports Injury Avoidance: Like most athletes, you undoubtedly want to lower your chances of incurring an injury while participating in your favourite sport. Injuries decrease the amount of time you can spend in leisure activities, lower your fitness, downgrade competitive performances, and can lead to long-term health problems such as arthritis and/or joint stiffness.

stretching and the risk of injury 2

Stretching And The Risk Of Injury 2: Okay, but does stretching really lower the risk of injury? Here's what science says

Achilles heel injury

Achilles Heel Injury Prevention: These exercises can turn your Achilles heel into a rock of Gibraltar

Shin splints 1

Shin splints: These exercises will help to strengthen your lower legs, and prevent or repair shin splint problems

trigger points | injur avoidance

A trigger point in a muscle is a warning sign of a possible serious injury. Here we explain what TPs are, how they happen and what to do about them

Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury prevention exercises, rehabilitation and training techniques

These four exercises can help prevent your ACLs blowing up - which is especially good news for female athletes.

Strength training exercises for knee injuries

Strength training exercises for knee injuries

Sport injury rehabilitation

Sport Injury Rehabilitation: So what exactly is the coach meant to do during the rehabilitation period? Here are a few pointers.

Shoulder instability

Shoulder Instability: Should you consider shrinking your shoulder?

squatting exercises | knee injuries | spine injuries

How safe is squatting? Does it injure the knees or even the spine? Here's an exhaustive review of the research

athletes' lungs | training | asthma | lung diseases

How training takes its toll on athletes' lungs

Infection and sport

Infection And Sport: Which infections are spread during sports activities?

Abdominal Bracing | Hollowing | Core Stability

Abdominal Bracing v Hollowing for Core Stability

Coronary heart disease

Coronary Heart Disease: Both diet and exercise affect a number of the risk factors for heart disease.

Cancer

Cancer: Does exercise lower the risk of breast, uterine and prostate cancers?

Shin guards

Shin Guards: Do shin guards provide the necessary injury protection?

tendinitis treatment

Tendinitis (inflammation of a muscle tendon) is without doubt the most common cause of lower-leg pain.

wrist guards

Do wrist guards really protect the wrist and forearm?

Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) knee injury and prevention

The knees of female athletes are very vulnerable to injury, especially ACL tears. Here's what to do about it.

Sports Injuries | headaches

The case of the ex-rugby player with a mysterious headache

stitch pain running

Stitch Pain - The biggest pain for athletes

saddle sore | mountain biking | scrotal disorders | testicular disorders

Saddle sore and more - the private perils of mountain biking

Teeth

Teeth: To minimize the chances of injury to teeth, athletes in contact and non-contact sports should wear custom-fitted mouthguards and should have regular dental examinations to check for unusual tooth wear. What is the best emergency treatment for a severe tooth injury such as a fracture or an avulsed (knocked-out) tooth?

Cure For Tennis Elbow

Cure For Tennis Elbow: Follow these rules if you want to avoid - and treat - the dreaded tennis elbow

Injury treatment: hot or cold

Do you know when to use heat or cold therapy for an injury? If not, a recent review article by two University of Washington sports doctors, Matthew Karl, MD, and Stanley Herring, MD, can be your guide.

Ice therapy

Ice Therapy: The best advice on ice

Bone density and muscle mass

For endurance athletes, two of the key problems associated with getting older are a gradual decline in muscle mass and a potential loss of bone density. The missing muscle makes it more difficult to run, cycle or swim powerfully, and the shrinking bones increase the likelihood of injury and osteoporosis.

knee injuries | hip injuries | downhill walking

Knee injuries, hip injuries & downhill walking

Nose strips | Breathe Right External Nasal Dilator,

Here's the scientific verdict on those nose strips - the damned things don't work

Injury management

Injury Management: So what exactly is the coach meant to do during the rehabilitation period? Here are a few pointers.

Delayed onset muscle soreness

Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness: Tips for avoiding delayed onset muscle soreness (the dreaded DOMS)

Muscle soreness

Muscle Soreness: Try this eccentric method of getting rid of muscle soreness.

muscle imbalance | injury prevention

Why detecting muscle imbalance is an essential part of an injury-prevention strategy

Flexibility | stretching | injury risk

Flexibility, stretching and injury risk: Women are more flexible than men - and get hurt less often.

Backward biking | Rehabilitation

Is 'backward biking' a good rehab activity?

running surfaces

Running Surfaces: Why Haile boycotted the Atlanta oval - and can tuned tracks improve your own performances?

Strength Training Program

Strength training program

Foot Structure & Injury Rates

Foot Structure & Injury Rates

hamstring flexibility | hamstring stretches

Hamstring flexibility: How to keep your hamstrings in tune and singing sweetly

osteoporosis | female athletes | distance running injuries

Osteoporosis - female athletes distance running injuries : why distance running can be bad for bones

Sports Knee Braces

Sports Knee Braces: Does wearing a knee brace improve or hamper your ability to perform?

overtraining warning signs

Overtraining warning signs - The big question is: how far can you push an athlete's training before breakdown occurs?

Sex and sports injuries

No major sex divide in sports injuries

Infectious mononucleosis

Infectious Mononucleosis: How to spot the warning signs of "Mysterious Mono", and what to do about it.

stretching and the risk of injury 1

Stretching And The Risk Of Injury 1: Okay, but does stretching really lower the risk of injury? Here's what science says

Sports injury diagnosis

Sports Injury Diagnosis: To get the diagnosis right, you have to investigate all the contributing factors.

sports injuries benefits

You may not appreciate it at the time, but an injury can teach you a lot about how your body works

soccer injuries | hip injuries

Soccer injuries: Why ex-pro soccer players have hip problems

upper back exercise | single arm row | latissimus dorsi

Upper back exercise: the single arm row

prehabilitation exercises | strength exercises | conditioning exercises

Prehabilitation exercises: these prehabilitation exercises will help reduce injury risk

shoulder excercises | shoulder injury prevention

Shoulder excercises and shoulder injury prevention

female athlete triad

Female athlete triad: The hidden risk for female athletes

soccer injuries

Soccer injuries - Ankle sprains: the bane of soccer players

Questions

Cure for knee pain

I have pain in my lateral knee.

Does Stretching aid the rehabilitation of a hamstring injury?

I am currently studying to become a sports therapist in Glasgow. i have been giving a report to do and this is what i am investigating. Any information would be great.

Treating shin splints -

Have just read the article about shin splints - do I assume all exercises are done in trainers,ie heel hops, heel running etc

Lower Abdominal/groin injury - still pain after 6 weeks,

Sustained a suspected tear of lower abdominal muscles with pain from the hip going down into the groin with stiffness and a pulling sensation along the inguinal area.CT scan showed no hernia.I have tr

Presentation on muscle strength

Hi i'm dave, im currently in the military and i work as a Remedial Instructor. I've been tasked to present an informal presentation on muscle strength.

Stabilising the Pelvis

I have a client who has trouble stabilising her pelvis.

What do you think of the Peak Performance Premium area? (!)

As the main provider of information in this area, I'd like to find out what you think about the videos and the articles in particular.

Best training for a long bike ride - with complications!

I have a froend who is 65 and was a fiarly good distance cylcist. He was then diagnosed with parkinsons, which is in early stages and copntrolled by drugs.

Recovery from Overtraining

I am a 21 year old male competitive cyclist and have been struggling with over training syndrome and trying to recover.

I injured my shoulder 10 weeks ago...more than a strain?

I injured my shoulder 10 weeks ago, reaching backward to pull open a stuck door. I didn't go to the doctor right away, because it seemed just sore/strained.

Broken ankle recovery

I broke my ankle in 3 places and had surgery March 25th. I received a metal plate, connecting rod, and 8 screws.

How do I increase speed, explosiveness, and my verticle leap?

I am an 20 yr old collegiate basketball player, wanting to improve my speed, foot speed, stability, explosiveness, and verticle leap.

Guidelines for R.I.C.E.?

I've seen a lot of answers as to treating an injury with RICE.

Lateral Knee pain-HELP

I am a competitive rower (female) and have just had to take a summer off due to lateral knee pain that is just constantly there.

Low back pain.

over the summer i hurt my left lower back playing basketball..

What can I do about shoulder pain?

I will soon be 51 years and have been fighting shoulder pain for years. I had it x-rayed years ago and they said it was not a rotar cuff but tindonitous and arthuritous.

Personal Rehab

Hi, Two things: 1st) I damaged my knee a year back and now want to start playing rugby next season. It's not an internal injury but I think the muscles in front of the knee cap (is this possible??).

How can i strengthen my IT band?

I have just recently taken up running and seemed to be making good, steady progress until i started to push myself, then i developed a very serious pain which lasted several days in my left knee.

Medial knee pain and adductor's sore after running, any HELP!

I've had Rt medial below the knee pain (Pes anserine) since July when I was training for an IM and doing alot of hill work on the bike, has improved some but still bothersome, also after my runs both

What should I do to run Athen's Marathon this year in 3 hours?

I used to be a middle distance runner for 7 years,my 800m PB=1:56min,my 1500m PB=4:00min,and my 3000m steple PB=9:15min, I quit 5 years ago and at the same time i start smoking, I quit smoking 2 month

Nervous twitch - Shoulder

I have a nervous twitch in my shoulder and can feel it down my arm. The upper back and deltoid get really tight and painful sometimes. Do you know what it might be and how I can get rid of it?

Bruised bone, how can I get rid of it!

I have a bruise on a bone in my fore foot and I can't seem to get rid of it. Im a distance runner so it's really hard to train. Any tips?

How much can I swim with a Tennis Elbow?

Been swimming since age 7,Competitive - short & long distance swims, was on the National Swimming, diving & waterpolo team for most of my School and highschool years.Had to stop swimming after marriag

Which doctor is right about Shin splints? Please help me!!!

Ok, i started Athletics about a year ago, and since then my athletics coach has told me i have shin splints due to me growing and she reccomended i see a doctor for further information.

IT Band Syndrome?

Has anyone ever had this and if so, how did you treat it?

Intense knee pain caused from telemark skiing?

I have been experiencing knee pain on the lateral side of my knee. If I run through this pain, it intensifies and spreads deep into the joint and also into the quad.

How can you get rid of shin splints?

I love to run, but recently I've developed awful shin splints and I'm trying to get them to go away.

Best rehabilitation after damaging ligaments in the foot/ankle

I badly damaged ligaments in the foot/ankle playing 5-a-side football and have been on crutches. I'm having ultra sound treatment with the physio and want to speed my recovery back to running.

What to do after a knee sprain?

I have recently sprained my knee, I'm now off crutches and Im not sure how long to wait and what to do trainingwise(for middle distance running). Any ideas? Thanks

What is the best way to train for a judo tournament?

Our matches are 5 minutes long with no breaks, up to 8 matches in the tournament. I am trying to find the best exercises to get us ready for the tournament.

Just broken my wrist, have a race in 5 weeks can i still compete?

I have just broken my wrist and have a race in 5 weeks can i still compete?

How did it affect you?

My daughter is having an operation to repair a small tear in her peroneal tendon. Has anyone had this done and how did it affect your athletics?

Surgery's

I had back fusion in April 2002 and a left hip replaced in May 2006. I am an avid golfer with 9 handicap.

Abs?

I have dificulty shaping the lower part of my stomach. What exercise can I do to reach that area.

How do you tell shin splints?

How do you tell if you have shin splints. I have a pain in my left leg above my ankle, but I don't know what it is.

How do I loosen my hamstrings?

I have really tight ham strings and it affects me physically. What is a good stretch or exercise that will help me to loosen them.

What to do after a knee sprain?

I have recently sprained my knee, I'm now off crutches and Im not sure how long to wait and what to do trainingwise. Any ideas? Thanks

Is there anything as good as the old Ralgex stick?

Long ago, when I was a teenager, I was continually getting little injuries until I discovered the Ralgex stick and that then used to miraculously keep my muscles in working order.

Have I Got Shin Splints?

I have been told i have got shin splints. I was told to rest my legs for a month. I am now on that rest period (just into the last week).

conservative Rx tendinopathies

Reducing tenocyte hyperactivity may aid reducing tendinopathy problems. Issue of 76 of SIB suggested that green tea/ doxycyline/ NSAIDs may reduce tenocycte hyperactivity.

Shoulder injury rehab

I injured my shoulder 3 years ago...due to an oversight by our fantastic NHS it wasn't until late last year that I realized I had an acute problem.

Milk

If i Drink Skimmed milk every day for a month and not drink anything else or eat anything else cept from veg and fruit.. will that be a healthy lifestyle?

Whats everyones views on the use of ice baths?

Does anyone here use them regularly? If so how long for?

Does pushing into the ground harder toss you higher or forward faster?

When I stand still (balanced) and push hard into the ground I jump high not forward. I can't push back at the ground while balanced to start running.

back of knee / inside knee pain

i recently started running more milage so i guess this could just be too much training too quickly, from 10-20km a week to 40-50km... i have pain on the inside and back of my left knee.

Any ideas on how to loosen muscles without strenuous stretching?

apparently i have ridiculousy tight calf n thighs, and have been told to stretch more, i was hoping someone could maybe point me in the right direction as to which stretches to do without injuring mys

Neck or shoulder injury ?

In the past year I`ve started to get trouble with my shoulder/neck.

Post elbow injury rehab

What are some post elbow fracture operation rehab exercises to build up strength again? Pls recommend.

Elbow operation question

I had a metal plate fixed after a operation for fractured elbow. Should i leave it in there or take it out? The doctor told me it's optional and up to me.

Broken Wrist Recovery

Hi, I currently have a broken wrist caused by a football injury and will have a cast on it for 4 weeks. What period of time would you suggest for recovery once the cast has been removed.

Des resting heart rate affect your performance?

i am a 22 year old male having played soccer my whole life, my resting heart rate is about 68 beats per minute, this is quite high compared to other elite athletes, would this affect my performance, c

Getting over an upper hamstring tear.

I got the tear playing tennis in November. It doesn't hurt a great deal but comes back after a bit of tennis. I'm trying stretching and walking but otherwise doing nothing for three weeks.

Acromial extremity...

what part of the arm is it.

Shoulder pain

I am having pain down the side & back of my neck, but mostly on the top of my shoulder, I guess the Traps. It's a ache, like arthritis, tendenitis or something. No sharp pains.

How do I endure heat during a training session?

I live in South Africa and attend a Virgin Active gym nearby. I am increasing my training schedule this year.

Is there any way to regain function from a sprained ankle?

I sprained my ankle whilst attempting a kick (jump spin type-Martial Arts) before warm up.

Opinion. If you could only do one aerobic exercise, which would it be?

Facts are lovely. Which one provides the best overall benefits?

What are the benefits of boxing as a sports to college students?

I want to know the psychological benefits a college student can get from boxing as a sport. People tend to associate boxing with violence thus it is not offered as a P.E.

Osgood-Schlatter's

I have a knee problem called Oscozlatus which is a swelling and it really hurts after I play sports. I sometimes cannot even walk up the stairs. Is there any way I can keep the pain down.

Hamstring injury

Any recommended exercises to help get over a recurrent (running) hamstring injury that mostly causes a problem when racing.

knee injury ????

On going pain coming from the back of the knee ,its even starting to hurt when i walk. If i kneel down on both knees and then lean bk i get a sharp pain at what seems the back of my right knee.

Tendinitis

A weak ago a huge weight fell on my hand later on there is no pain but now its paining is it tendinitis?

Groin strain... ongoing

I suffered a groin strain at the start of december 2006 and since i have not been able to sprint although i can kick a ball with full power.

How do I strengthen my neck without injuring it?

In the course of training for grappling sports I felt it very important to have a strong neck.

Sports hernia surgery?

My son, a professional soccer player, has been diagnosed with a sports hernia after months of groin pain that has not improved with rest. Can anyone describe the procedure?

What causes pain in the butt?

I'm a 59 year old competitive badminton player. I play vigorously 3 days a week and try to work out (at the gym, jump rope, run) another 3 days of the week.

Your Personal Trainer

I can no longer access this, can i have the website address and access to this. I paid for the service at the time but due to computer errors i was not able to gain all info.

Ankle Rehabilitation

I am 21 and have had major ankle problems/injuries for the past 10 years. Slowly my ankle has become weaker and weaker and has now forced me to give up playing competitive sport.

Please can someone recommend a UK expert in ITB syndrome?

I developed ITB syndrome nearly two years ago. The injury was triggered by running and presented as lateral knee pain whilst running. However, the pain has also always been present on walking.

Lower back pain

I'm having problems with a constant numb pain in my lower back. It sometimes feel as if it's coming from my hamstrings. It gets worse after more intense running sessions.

looking for advice on Hamstring injury

my right hamstring has been painfull for over a year now ,i have been to sports injury clinic ,and they seem to think its hamstring and not sciatica ,painfull where muscle joins on to bone at the back

Fracture dislocation of ankle recovery time?

Hey, I dislocated my ankle, fractured my fibula and tore deltoid/medial ligaments back on 16th Sept playing football.

Is it peroneal tendinits/arthritis?.

I am 30 years old and have worked as a Registered Nurse for the past 10 years

problem with players having shin splints

age 14 to 18 girls, fall soccer, seem to have 3 to 6 players each year with shin splints, any good training ideas for spring to prevent this

How can I start a sports injury group

My interest is isn helping to answer questions about sports injuries. Sure my resources could be used. I cant find an injuries group.

Swedish manoeuvres and Walt's SAS - video?

anyone know of a video demonstrating Swedish manoeuvres and Walt's SAS exercise technique? i have achilles tendinitis and would love to try this out!!! thanks sudie.

Is Vibration Training OK after double knee replacement?

I have to be realistic about what I can achieve now in terms of exercise but really want to keep fit and trim.

How can I reduce chronic hard muscle after exercise?

I am 43 year old male, 150lbs, and 5'11".

what do you do to heal hip flexor injury?

I am a very serious competitive swimmer. I injured my left hip flexor six weeks ago and i keep aggravating it in small ways and its not going away.

What is my abdominal pain?

Sometimes when running I feel a pain in my abdomen. When I bend over it goes, but as soon as I straighten out it returns. Any ideas?

Prolotherapy or cold laser therapy for cartilage re-development

I have been running for over 25 years(primarily marathons,ultras. etc.) I had my first scope done on the knee and they found grade 4 changes in the cartilage.

Do you have a question for our community?

PP Online has over 10,000 registered users, all of them keen sportsmen and women, including many coaches, personal trainers and sports scientists.

What do you mean by putting a check on the calendar?

"Danny O'Dell M. A. CSCS*D is an NSCA certified strength and conditioning coach, and the co-owner of The WeightRoom Gym and Explosivelyfit.com, both located in Nine Mile Falls, WA. Here, he shares with us some of the questions he gets asked most often. How would you answer this question?"

Lifting doesn't make me happy anymore - why?

Sometimes when I lift I just don’t feel like even being in the gym. This has happened periodically over the past several weeks. What is happening? "Danny O'Dell M. A. CSCS*D is an NSCA certified strength and conditioning coach, and the co-owner of The WeightRoom Gym and Explosivelyfit.com, both located in Nine Mile Falls, WA. Here, he shares with us some of the questions he gets asked most often. How would you answer this question?"

What can I do to get my shoulder working again?

My shoulder was just operated on, now I find it hard to move it very far. "Danny O'Dell M. A. CSCS*D is an NSCA certified strength and conditioning coach, and the co-owner of The WeightRoom Gym and Explosivelyfit.com, both located in Nine Mile Falls, WA. Here, he shares with us some of the questions he gets asked most often. How would you answer this question?"

Preparing for shoulder surgery?

I am scheduled for shoulder surgery-how should I get ready for this? "Danny O'Dell M. A. CSCS*D is an NSCA certified strength and conditioning coach, and the co-owner of The WeightRoom Gym and Explosivelyfit.com, both located in Nine Mile Falls, WA. Here, he shares with us some of the questions he gets asked most often. How would you answer this question?"

What can I do to get the ROM back again?

I just had a new knee put in and now I find I can’t bend my knee very far "Danny O'Dell M. A. CSCS*D is an NSCA certified strength and conditioning coach, and the co-owner of The WeightRoom Gym and Explosivelyfit.com, both located in Nine Mile Falls, WA. Here, he shares with us some of the questions he gets asked most often. How would you answer this question?"

Knee replacement preparation?

My surgeon has told me I need a total knee replacement. How do I prepare for this? "Danny O'Dell M. A. CSCS*D is an NSCA certified strength and conditioning coach, and the co-owner of The WeightRoom Gym and Explosivelyfit.com, both located in Nine Mile Falls, WA. Here, he shares with us some of the questions he gets asked most often. How would you answer this question?"

Lifting after surgery?

I just had a total knee replacement - what is next for my lifting program? "Danny O'Dell M. A. CSCS*D is an NSCA certified strength and conditioning coach, and the co-owner of The WeightRoom Gym and Explosivelyfit.com, both located in Nine Mile Falls, WA. Here, he shares with us some of the questions he gets asked most often. How would you answer this question?"

What is the ACL?

"Danny O'Dell M. A. CSCS*D is an NSCA certified strength and conditioning coach, and the co-owner of The WeightRoom Gym and Explosivelyfit.com, both located in Nine Mile Falls, WA. Here, he shares with us some of the questions he gets asked most often. How would you answer this question?"

Is it bad to go deep in the squat?

"Danny O'Dell M. A. CSCS*D is an NSCA certified strength and conditioning coach, and the co-owner of The WeightRoom Gym and Explosivelyfit.com, both located in Nine Mile Falls, WA. Here, he shares with us some of the questions he gets asked most often. How would you answer this question?"

Can I add 15 pounds to my bench press in four months?

I want to break my brother's high-school record. "Danny O'Dell M. A. CSCS*D is an NSCA certified strength and conditioning coach, and the co-owner of The WeightRoom Gym and Explosivelyfit.com, both located in Nine Mile Falls, WA. Here, he shares with us some of the questions he gets asked most often. How would you answer this question?"

How to win contests?

I am entering a contest and want to know how my lifts will look to the judges. What should I do? "Danny O'Dell M. A. CSCS*D is an NSCA certified strength and conditioning coach, and the co-owner of The WeightRoom Gym and Explosivelyfit.com, both located in Nine Mile Falls, WA. Here, he shares with us some of the questions he gets asked most often. How would you answer this question?"

How can I keep my hands healthy?

What can I do to help keep my hands from feeling sore while I’m on the computer at my job all day? "Danny O'Dell M. A. CSCS*D is an NSCA certified strength and conditioning coach, and the co-owner of The WeightRoom Gym and Explosivelyfit.com, both located in Nine Mile Falls, WA. Here, he shares with us some of the questions he gets asked most often. How would you answer this question?"

How fast should you squat?

One of my lifting partners squats really fast, so fast in fact that he literally drops to the bottom and bounces back up. This seems like a fast way to get injured. Am I right? "Danny O'Dell M. A. CSCS*D is an NSCA certified strength and conditioning coach, and the co-owner of The WeightRoom Gym and Explosivelyfit.com, both located in Nine Mile Falls, WA. Here, he shares with us some of the questions he gets asked most often. How would you answer this question?"

Bench press technique...?

Some of the members in my gym keep their feet on the bench when benching; is that a good way to bench? "Danny O'Dell M. A. CSCS*D is an NSCA certified strength and conditioning coach, and the co-owner of The WeightRoom Gym and Explosivelyfit.com, both located in Nine Mile Falls, WA. Here, he shares with us some of the questions he gets asked most often. How would you answer this question?"

Bench press confusion...

I see some of the members in my gym lifting their butts up when doing benches; why do they do it this way? "Danny O'Dell M. A. CSCS*D is an NSCA certified strength and conditioning coach, and the co-owner of The WeightRoom Gym and Explosivelyfit.com, both located in Nine Mile Falls, WA. Here, he shares with us some of the questions he gets asked most often. How would you answer this question?"

What are the most important exercises for the beginner to do?

"Danny O'Dell M. A. CSCS*D is an NSCA certified strength and conditioning coach, and the co-owner of The WeightRoom Gym and Explosivelyfit.com, both located in Nine Mile Falls, WA. Here, he shares with us some of the questions he gets asked most often. How would you answer this question?"

What piece of gear should I buy first?

What should I do? "Danny O'Dell M. A. CSCS*D is an NSCA certified strength and conditioning coach, and the co-owner of The WeightRoom Gym and Explosivelyfit.com, both located in Nine Mile Falls, WA. Here, he shares with us some of the questions he gets asked most often. How would you answer this question?"

What would be a good set up for my home gym?

What should I do? "Danny O'Dell M. A. CSCS*D is an NSCA certified strength and conditioning coach, and the co-owner of The WeightRoom Gym and Explosivelyfit.com, both located in Nine Mile Falls, WA. Here, he shares with us some of the questions he gets asked most often. How would you answer this question?"

What can I do to get back my normal range of motion?

What can I do to get back my normal range of motion after my knee surgery? "Danny O'Dell M. A. CSCS*D is an NSCA certified strength and conditioning coach, and the co-owner of The WeightRoom Gym and Explosivelyfit.com, both located in Nine Mile Falls, WA. Here, he shares with us some of the questions he gets asked most often. How would you answer this question?"

I just had knee surgery - how do I maintain my cardio fitness?

"Danny O'Dell M. A. CSCS*D is an NSCA certified strength and conditioning coach, and the co-owner of The WeightRoom Gym and Explosivelyfit.com, both located in Nine Mile Falls, WA. Here, he shares with us some of the questions he gets asked most often. How would you answer this question?"

How do I keep my strength levels up after op?

How do I keep my strength levels up now that I have just had an operation on my elbow? "Danny O'Dell M. A. CSCS*D is an NSCA certified strength and conditioning coach, and the co-owner of The WeightRoom Gym and Explosivelyfit.com, both located in Nine Mile Falls, WA. Here, he shares with us some of the questions he gets asked most often. How would you answer this question?"

It hurts when I military press - why?

"Danny O'Dell M. A. CSCS*D is an NSCA certified strength and conditioning coach, and the co-owner of The WeightRoom Gym and Explosivelyfit.com, both located in Nine Mile Falls, WA. Here, he shares with us some of the questions he gets asked most often. How would you answer this question?"

My shoulders hurt when I bench press, what should I do?

"Danny O'Dell M. A. CSCS*D is an NSCA certified strength and conditioning coach, and the co-owner of The WeightRoom Gym and Explosivelyfit.com, both located in Nine Mile Falls, WA. Here, he shares with us some of the questions he gets asked most often. How would you answer this question?"

What do I do about ankle pain?

I twisted my ankle yesterday in soccer practice and now I find it difficult to walk on it.

What do I do about knee pain?

My knee snapped when I stopped in the basketball game and now it feels like it’s going to collapse. What do I do?

My shoulder hurts do you have any suggestions?

What is “Altitude Training”, what benefits could it have on my performance and is there a gold standard in terms of training height and duration?

I’ve seen people running in a swimming pool. Why?

I’ve seen people running in a swimming pool. Why are they running in water and what does it do for them?

Who do people take ice baths?

I’ve seen people take ice baths after a hard training session. It looks cold and painful, so why do they do it!?

What can I do to make sure my hamstring doesn’t pull again?

I’ve pulled my right hamstring twice in two seasons and I’m getting frustrated because I can’t compete. What can I do to make sure my hamstring doesn’t pull again?

What are shin splints?

I do lots of running on the road and my shins are sore. I’ve been told by a friend that I might have shin splints but I don’t know what they are.

Blogs

Learn to move better with internet video technology

Learning styles theory implies that individuals learn more when the educational experience is geared toward their preferred style of learning.

Slow motion video & changing faulty running form to treat an injury

In otherwise healthy individual there can be multiple reasons for running with faulty form including: faulty underlying anatomical structure or weakness; a low level of pain, nagging lingering injury;

Symmetry – Asymmetry: Problem Solving a Repetitive Use Injury

Searching for the reason that repetitive use injuries occur can be difficult and frustrating.

How do you feel about your running form/style/technique?

During the initial interview with a client a standard question that I use is “how do you feel about your running form, do you think you have good form, or do you think you look like Ikabod Crane”?

Broken Ankle

Jan 6 I missed the last 3 steps going downstairs and broke both ankles. The right was a minor fracture, and was put in a air splint. The left was broken in 3 places and a torn ligament.

Ideal Running Form: Pose Running versus Chi Running – Theory & Evidence

Advice from coaches and personal fitness trainers can be classified into two categories; a theory based approach or an evidence based approach.

Prevention of Running Injuries: What is the evidence?

Prevention of Running Injuries: What is the evidence?

Powerful Treatment for Running Injury

A Powerful Treatment for a Running Injury

Have shoulder pains?

Have shoulder pains? You came to the right place.

The 7 Deadly Sins of Lifting

“The 7 Deadly Sins of Lifting” this is another installment from A. Jay of a series of motivational articles.

Training for distance running (and Injury)

I am 71 years of age and trying to return to running after more than twenty years of inactivity.

How to warm up before training and event

TRAINING ADVICE Warm ups Warming up prior to exercise, helps lower your risk of injuries and the aches and pains that come with exercise.

Drug testing what's out there a physiotherapists view point

Testing Athletes for Drug Use Why do some “athletes” try to enhance their performances on the track and field by taking drugs?

Nick's Strength Q&A!

Here is the first and not the last instalment of Nick Mitchell’s long awaited All Strength Q&A.

Are you making these mistakes as an Athlete?

Don’t get me wrong nobody’s perfect, especially me, many of these ideas came from my “Stupidity”, a rollercoaster of discovery, injuries and re-injury, does that sound about right?

Sports Medicine Foot and Ankle Rehabilitation

This article was a long time coming. After writing and then scraping and re-writing it is a good way to describe this.

shin splints

INTRODUCTION TO SHIN SPLINTS

Core Training

Core training The martial artist should train in resistance from a multi-directional i.e. all angles, multi-positional i.e. prone, upright, horizontal, bent-over, with multi-exercises.

The Insider’s Secrets to a Flat Stomach

Hey regular blog readers myself and Nick sat down and and had a conversation, long story short this article was born.

Running technique

You can't take one step forward to walk or run while you remain centered over your feet/foot. You must fall and lift to start and continue. This according to Jack Nirenstein

Rotational Carbohydrates "RO-CHO" ?

Rotational Carbohydrates "RO-CHO" Article by Steve Blades. It is all about carbohydrate rotation for ultimate performance.

Dont Be a "Hard Learner"!

Another great read by Steve Blades aka "Marmite". If you are not making gains in the gym or the track this will change everything completely.

You are a Beginner, READ THIS!

A great,long article about everything on general bodybuilding ,training, nutrition and supplementation as a beginner.

The Right Resolutions!

A great new update to hit Rawgrip.com, a great article for all of the new found health freaks this year.

Squat Rx Video Creator Interview

If you are a serious lifter you must have heard of the “Squat Rx” video series all over the net. The Videos are available on YouTube.

How Focused Are You at the Gym?

Sean discusses The Top 10 Reasons why you are slacking in the Gym and How to prevent this. He exposes some great Tips how to make your training sessions more productive for better end results.

How To Increase Bench Press

Finally an article created for all you serious weight shifters. C Pikey discuses the truth about A massive Bench Press and gives some tips How To Improve your Weak Bench.

haemoglobin levels and performance

what effect on performance would a 15% drop in haemoglobin levels have? as any one had blood test and and had this problem ? and what was the outcome ?

Glycemic Index in Athletes and Weight management

An article about the glycemic index of carbohydrates pertains directly to athletes and their performance.

Protein intake in Athletes

A new article by Michael Nystrom discussing the protein intake amounts in athletes. Athlete Protein intake article

Catalano (Sam) All about tennis coaching.

Hi seeking info to implement into my tennis coaching to increase the development of my young players, all suggestions greatly appreciated. For e.g simple ways to understand a kick serve.

GrahamPhysios Blog

For online injury advice combined with performance enhancement look no further.

Peak Performance Relaunches!

It's a very exciting day for us today, because we've had our first major relaunch in 7 years.

Write for Peak Performance

When we set up the new PP Online site, one of our biggest aims was to create a place where anyone with a passion for sport could share their opinions and experiences.

Advice for Physios #1

When using a stretcher, don't lift the injured players face repeatedly into your groin.

Rooney Ready to Resume Normal Service

I suppose recovery from fractured metatarsals gets easier with practise.

Delight for Barry as Hargreaves is ruled out

Gareth Barry will continue in central midfield after the double blow of losing both Frank Lampard and Owen Hargreaves struck England.

Gluteus troubles

I had a wonderful training run yesterday.

Gerrard Fit, Hargreaves a doubt, and Robinson clings on

Steven Gerrard has been passed fit ahead of England's crucial tie with Israel at Wembley this weekend. His potential midfield partner, however, Owen Hargreaves, remains a doubt. Steve McClaren said:

West Ham Expected to Be Major Movers on Deadline Day

With the transfer deadline closing in just under 11 hours, West Ham are expected to be major players as they seek a quick fix for their injury jinx.

The Injured England XI

Ahead of this week's game with Germany, here is the team England won't be fielding. In a 5-3-2 formation: Ben Foster Gary Neville Sol Campbell Michael Dawson Johnathan Woodgate

McCLaren looks to Golden Oldies

After the return of David Beckham, rumours are rife that Steve McClaren could recall the thirty-something pair of David James and Sol Campbell.

Injuries claim Solskjaer at last

At the age of 34, persistent knee injuries have finally called time on the career of Ole Gunner Solskjaer. His father, Oyvind, confirmed his retirement to the Norwegian press this morning:

The Crocked King of Tottenham

Ledley King is a fantastic footballer. When fit, he's a shoe-in for pretty much every England squad. He's an outstanding centre-half, and a solid holding midfielder.

Do frequent metatarsal injuries point to a winter break?

Like a figure in the corner, the ghost of his broken metatarsal still haunts Tim Cahill.

Allardyce desperate for cover for injury prone squad

Sam Allardyce is so short of players in his injury hit Newcastle squad that yesterday he fielded London-bound Kieron Dyer. Allardyce says:

Scholes to return to action in three weeks

Alex Ferguson described the fact that Scholes injury is not serious as "100% good news".

Cesc Fabregas flies home with a knee injury

PeakFootball.com can exclusively reveal that Cesc Fabregas was flown home from Arsenal's Austrian training camp last night with a knee injury.

Peakfootball.com Launches 'The Treatment Room'

Joey Barton will miss the start of the season

Unremarkably, Joey Barton will miss the start of the Premiership season. Remarkably, it's not due to suspension.

Hammers suffer "devastating" Faubert blow

strong>Question: What is more annoying than spending £6m on a new midfielder, only for him to miss the first half of the season with a ruptured achilles tendon?

The Walking Wounded set to face-off in LA

Two England Captains could take to the field of LA Galaxy's Home Depot centre on Saturday, each suffering with their own injury problems.

Money Can't Buy Beckham Fitness

Since his move to LA Galaxy, David Beckham has claimed that the long-distance flights involved will not have an adverse effect on his career.

The perils of pre-season friendlies

In the first full weekend of pre-season, two top Premiership sides suffered significant injury scares.

Aurelio Injury Increases The Need For Heinze Signing

The ruptured Achilles tendon that ended Fabio Aurelio's season in April will keep him out of the Premier League's big kick-off.

Fergie In Park Confusion

Of the many possibilities that this headline implies, the sole truth is that Alex Ferguson has confirmed t

Bale limps out of debut

Martin Jol is sweating on the fitness of £10m signing Gareth Bale, after the Welshman limped out of his debut match against St. Patrick's Athletic in Dublin.

Peak Football Launches

If you’ve ever: 1) glanced nervously at the stretcher-bearers as your spritely young striker’s hamstring pops for the umpteenth time

Female Boxing Injuries: Female boxing safer than expected

Female boxing is no more dangerous than any other female impact sports.

Stitch Pain: New light on stitch

A new Australian study offers valuable insights into the common but potentially disabling sport-related condition known colloquially as ‘stitch’ (‘Epidemiology of exercise-related transient abdo

Sports Injury Pain : Pain and brain – a revolutionary approach to chronic injury

Injury and pain are a competitive athlete’s worst nightmare, scuppering even the best-laid training plans.

Growing Pains

‘Diseases or complaints of growth’ were first described by Duchamp (1) in his treatise ‘Maladies de la Croissance’ in 1832.

Warm Up Activity : The dynamic alternative to static stretching

Strength and conditioning coaches and trainers are engaged in a constant search for the best ways to improve sport performance.

Posterior Cruciate Ligament

It took Ryan Shulman 10 years to discover he had damaged his knee

Articular cartilage

Articular cartilage covers the ends of long bones. This highly specialised tissue is principally made up of hyaline cartilage secreted by chondrocytes.

Marathon Cramp: A marathon to remember

Last November I set out to achieve one of those lifetime goals: to complete a marathon in less than three hours, considered by many to be the Holy Grail of social distance running.

Tennis Injuries overview

Tennis is a sport that places extremely high demands on the structural integrity of the body’s joints.

Dental Injuries : On-the-spot tips for dealing with the fallout from a kick in the teeth

Dental injury is a distressing event, often causing psychological as well as physical problems, since it normally involves the highly visible front teeth.

Metatarsal Fractures: How to fix the fifth metatarsal

Rohit Madhav and Fares Haddad summarise the latest consensus on how to treat this troublesome and topical injury.